The bark and leaves are astringent; the extract, also referred to as witch hazel, is used medicinally. Extracts from its bark and leaves are used in aftershave lotions and lotions for treating bruises and insect bites. Witch-hazel helps to shrink and contract blood vessels back to normal size, hence its use as the active ingredient in many hemorrhoid medications. It is also used in treating acne, lactic acid is an effective exfoliating agent. It works by helping to remove dry, dead skin cells that sit on the skin?s epidermis, or uppermost layer. This action allows newer, healthier skin cells to show through, thereby improving the appearance of skin.