This product uses Citrepel 75, a UK?s unique anti-mosquito patented ingredient containing PMD. PMD is a natural mosquito repelling ingredient endorsed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which is effective in repelling mosquitoes, midges, gnats, ticks and flies. Proven by university, one application of this product provides up to 8 hours of protection to children from the age of 6 months and adults. With a mild and non-irritating cherry blossom scent, a refreshing and non-greasy texture, and a DEET-free and camphor-free nature, it can be used directly on skin or clothing for all-round protection, protects you from the threat of dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis.Functions:?- Use Citrepel 75, a mild anti-mosquito patented ingredient unique to the UK- Contain PMD, a natural anti-mosquito ingredient endorsed by the U.S. CDC- Effective in repelling mosquitoes, midges, gnats, ticks and flies